{"id":3102,"date":"2019-02-26T18:22:18","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T18:22:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/weedmaps.com\/learn\/dictionary\/genotype"},"modified":"2026-04-20T18:39:58","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T18:39:58","slug":"genotype","status":"publish","type":"dictionary","link":"https:\/\/weedmaps.com\/learn\/dictionary\/genotype","title":{"rendered":"Genotype"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The genetic makeup of an organism that determines its possible characteristics. In cannabis, this includes the plant's color, height, resistance to disease, and general ability to produce resins. The genotype of a cannabis plant is the key to understanding the genetic potential of the cultivar and how environmental conditions may influence its growth and physical appearance.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A plant's genotype is not the same as its phenotype.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Those seeds have similar genotypes because they were harvested from the same mother plant.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wm-article-table-of-contents-header\" id=\"more-about-genotypes\">\n\tMore about genotypes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before a plant even begins to grow, its seed contains all the genetic information that will determine its spectrum of possible visual, physical, and growth characteristics. A cannabis cultivar's full set of genetic traits within its DNA is called a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9176637\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">genome<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Though not all DNA influences the growth traits of the plant, all the DNA that translates into proteins will make up a plant's genome.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The genotype represents a spectrum of possibilities that a given plant will exhibit. Two different cannabis plants of the same cultivar, for example, won't have completely identical traits but share similar genotypes inherited from their mutual <a href=\"https:\/\/weedmaps.com\/learn\/the-plant\/mother-plant\">mother plant<\/a>. Other than <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/weedmaps.com\/learn\/dictionary\/clone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">clones<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which contain exact copies of the original genome, no two plants have the exact same genotype.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wm-article-table-of-contents-header\" id=\"the-difference-between-genotypes-and-phenotypes\">\n\tThe difference between genotypes and phenotypes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How do plants with the same genotype display <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/weedmaps.com\/learn\/the-plant\/understanding-difference-phenotype-genotype\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">different physical characteristics<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? The answer lies in the difference between a genotype and a phenotype, which can be summed up in this simple equation: genotype + environmental interaction = phenotype.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A cannabis <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/weedmaps.com\/learn\/dictionary\/phenotype\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">phenotype<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is comprised of the visible characteristics or traits of a plant, which determine where a plant will end up within its spectrum of genetic traits, as determined by the genome. The color and shape of a plant's leaves, the density of its trichomes, the yield and structure of its colas, and the strength of its stems are all elements of a plant's phenotype.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A plant's physical characteristics are ultimately determined by the environmental conditions under which it is cultivated. This is why two clones with an identical genotype can have different phenotypes. If two clones of the same plant are taken by two different growers and cultivated in different grow setups, differing climates, grow mediums, and other environmental factors will alter the color, shape, strength, and yield of each plant \u2014 all of which, in conjunction with the genotype of the original plant, will result in two separate phenotypes.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wm-article-table-of-contents-header\" id=\"the-difference-between-genotypes-and-chemotypes\">\n\tThe difference between genotypes and chemotypes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While genotype determines the physical characteristics of the cannabis plant, and phenotype represents its observable traits after environmental exposure, a plant's chemotype represents its chemical characteristics, i.e., its cannabinoid and terpene ratios. Cannabinoids are the cannabis compounds responsible for the plant's euphoric and therapeutic effects, including tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Terpenes provide the plant's aroma and flavor, and influence effect by interacting with cannabinoids.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ratio of cannabinoids, terpenes, and other metabolites found in the cannabis plant make up its chemotype, and they are also determined largely by the plant's genome. This isn't to say that environment doesn't also play a role in determining a cannabis plant's phenotype. But it's the plant's genes that dictate the possible range of chemotypes that the plant can produce under a given set of environmental conditions.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The genome essentially tells the plant, \u201cIf you are exposed to X nutrients and Y type of environment, you will produce Z chemical metabolites.\u201d At the same time, two genotypes with the same nutrients and environment will produce two different cannabinoid and terpene ratios. The chemotype develops much more consistently with the genome than does the phenotype.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The genetic makeup of an organism that determines its possible characteristics. In cannabis, this includes the plant's color, height, resistance to disease, and general ability to produce resins. The genotype of a cannabis plant is the key to understanding the genetic potential of the cultivar...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":7800,"template":"","collections":[188],"class_list":["post-3102","dictionary","type-dictionary","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","collections-cultivation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v18.9 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is a Genotype? Genotype Definition | Weedmaps<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about cannabis genotypes, the genetic makeup that determines an organism&#039;s characteristics. 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